Freeze Concentration
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Supporting Documentation
• Specifications Sheet for small-scale residential applications
• Check out our peer-reviewed paper on freeze concentration of source-separated urine!
The Brightwater Freeze Concentrator decreases nutrient loading to onsite wastewater management systems and reduces toilet waste hauling costs. This purely physical process separates high-strength wastewater into two streams: concentrated brine and water.
What is Freeze Concentration?
❄️ Partially freezing aqueous solutions results in the formation of pure ice crystals and a brine that contains the feedstock’s impurities.
❄️ As more water is frozen, the impurities become increasingly concentrated in the brine as a result of its decreasing volume in a process known as freeze concentration.